HETEROGENEIDADE NA AGROPECUÁRIA AMAZÔNICA

UMA ANÁLISE MULTIVARIADA A PARTIR DO CENSO AGROPECUÁRIO DE 2017

Abstract

The advance of the agricultural frontier into the Amazon territory has been a reality for some time, which raises concern about the increase in deforestation in the region. The direct relationship between agriculture and rural areas and the exploitation of natural resources demands the inclusion of more sustainable production systems, especially in the Amazon. However, it is known that Brazilian agriculture is configured by a very heterogeneous pattern in the most different dimensions. The objective of this work is to evaluate the heterogeneity of agriculture in the Brazilian Amazon. Specifically, we sought to explore the characteristics of Amazonian agricultural establishments through the combination of variables related to agrarian, economic and productive, technological, structural and environmental dimensions. The information related to the configuration of the agricultural sector was obtained from the IBGE Agricultural Census 2017 database and the data related to deforestation extracted from PRODES/INPE and the deforestation containment areas, represented mainly by public lands (military areas, conservation of full protection and indigenous lands) obtained from the CNFP/MAP. Exploratory and multivariate cluster analysis was the statistical technique used, which considered the construction of variables attributed to the municipal level limited to the Amazon biome. The results indicated six profiles of municipalities with different production patterns: extensive livestock farming, low technological standard livestock farming, high technological standard livestock farming, technological development agriculture, low technology vegetable production and plant conservation. Even though it is a specific biome, there are different productive characteristics among agricultural establishments, which reflects the heterogeneity present in Brazilian agriculture.